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Guides » Crafting: professions, leveling and profit
Crafting guide · every class

Pick a crafting profession

Six master craftsmen on Victoria Island teach a trade from level 10. Here is which one suits your class, how to learn it, how to level it without going broke, and what is worth crafting to sell right now.

Crafting at a glance
Professions6
Recipes366
Earning right now83 of 217
Olympus+3.47m
1. The short answer
  1. Pick the profession that makes your gear Warrior: Blacksmith for armor, Weaponcrafter for weaponsMagician: Tailor for armor, Arcforger for weaponsBowman: Leatherworker for armor, Carpenter for weaponsThief: Leatherworker for armor, Weaponcrafter for weapons Arcforger also makes scrolls every class can use.
  2. Start at level 10Talk to the master and pass a short test. Do the weekly quest from level 15 for a kit, and the final test at level 25 for a catalyst worth about 30k mesos. Weaponcrafter only takes apprentices who already know Smithing, so learn Blacksmith first.
  3. Level on gear, not on oresA gear recipe gives 20 crafting EXP per recipe level, refining only 3. Refining is cheap EXP at the start; after that, craft the gear in the level table that costs the least per EXP, and sell it.
  4. Don't craft gear to sell by default100 of the 163 gear recipes with solid prices lose money right now, usually about 46% of what they cost. Check a recipe's profit before you buy its materials. The best earner today is Olympus at +3,470,663 mesos a craft.
  5. Sell ores when refining doesn't payOnly 6 of the 31 refining recipes with solid prices earn anything: for the rest, sell the ore and buy the ingot or jewel. See the table below.
2. The six professions

Three make armor, two make weapons, and the Arcforger makes magic weapons and scrolls. Each also makes materials and furniture the others need.

Blacksmith

Smithing · Works metal ore into metal armor.
74recipes
Master · from Lv. 10
Makes

25 × Hat18 × Shoes16 × Gloves2 × Shield7 × materials6 × furniture

Gear for

Warrior

At today's prices

13 of 44 recipes with solid prices earn
Best: Brown Jangoon Shoes +32.48k

Blacksmith: quests & recipes →

Weaponcrafter

Weaponcrafting · Forges metal weapons from refined metals.
46recipes
Master · from Lv. 10 Learn Blacksmith first
Makes

21 × Claw4 × One-Handed Blunt Weapon4 × Two-Handed Axe4 × Polearm2 × materials1 × furniture

Gear for

ThiefWarrior

At today's prices

16 of 34 recipes with solid prices earn
Best: The Nine Dragons +1.89m

Weaponcrafter: quests & recipes →

Tailor

Tailoring · Works fibers into cloth armor.
60recipes
Master · from Lv. 10
Makes

20 × Gloves18 × Shoes10 × Hat4 × Cape5 × materials1 × furniture

Gear for

Magician

At today's prices

10 of 30 recipes with solid prices earn
Best: Dark Moon Shoes +18.07k

Tailor: quests & recipes →

Carpenter

Woodcrafting · Works wood into wooden armor and consumable items.
49recipes
Master · from Lv. 10
Makes

8 × Crossbow8 × Bow2 × Staff2 × Two-Handed Sword16 × arrows4 × materials6 × furniture

Gear for

BowmanMagician

At today's prices

9 of 34 recipes with solid prices earn
Best: Olympus +3.47m

Carpenter: quests & recipes →

Leatherworker

Leatherworking · Works leather into leather armor and goods.
90recipes
Master · from Lv. 10
Makes

40 × Gloves38 × Shoes5 × Hat1 × One-Handed Blunt Weapon4 × materials2 × furniture

Gear for

BowmanThief

At today's prices

17 of 41 recipes with solid prices earn
Best: Gold Cleave +25.65k

Leatherworker: quests & recipes →

Arcforger

Arcforging · Works gemstones into magic equipment and scrolls.
47recipes
Master · from Lv. 10
Makes

6 × Wand4 × Staff10 × materials24 × scrolls3 × furniture

Gear for

Magician

At today's prices

18 of 34 recipes with solid prices earn
Best: Cromi +2.05m

Arcforger: quests & recipes →

Bowmen: a Carpenter turns one Processed Wood and one Stiff Feather into 500 arrows, about 295 mesos of materials at market prices.

3. How to learn one

Every master has the same three quests: a test that makes you an apprentice at level 10, a weekly favour from level 15, and a final test at level 25. Bring the items in the table.

ProfessionLv. 10: become an apprenticeLv. 15: weekly questLv. 25: final test
Blacksmith
Silas Irons, Perion
Silas Irons in Need of an Apprentice
Bronze Ore ×5
Silas Irons in Need of Help
Mithril Ingot
Gives: Smithing Kit
A Blacksmith in My Own Right!
Orihalcon IngotGold Ingot (crafting Lv. 5)
Gives: Armor Crafting Catalyst
Weaponcrafter
Mr. Thunder, Perion
Mr. Thunder in Need of an Apprentice
Bronze IngotIron Ingot
Made with Smithing
Mr. Thunder in Need of Help
Screw ×10
Gives: Weaponcrafting Kit
A Weaponcrafter in My Own Right!
Monkey Wrench (crafting Lv. 5)
Gives: One-Handed Weapon Crafting Catalyst
Tailor
Francois, Ellinia
Francois in Need of an Apprentice
Leaf ×20
Francois in Need of Help
Spool of Thread ×10
Gives: Tailoring Kit
A Tailor in My Own Right!
Red Starry Bandana (crafting Lv. 5)
Gives: Armor Crafting Catalyst
Carpenter
Vicious, Henesys Market
Vicious in Need of an Apprentice
Tree Branch ×20
Vicious in Need of Help
Processed Wood
Gives: Woodcrafting Kit
A Carpenter in My Own Right!
The Red Relaxer (crafting Lv. 5)
Gives: Two-Handed Weapon Crafting Catalyst
Leatherworker
JM From tha Streetz, Kerning City
JM From tha Streetz Looking for a Partner
Leather ×5
JM From tha Streetz in Need of Help
Jr. Necki Skin ×10
Gives: Leatherworking Kit
A Leatherworker in My Own Right!
Red Chair (crafting Lv. 5)
Gives: Armor Crafting Catalyst
Arcforger
Chrishrama, Sleepywood
Chrishrama in Need of an Apprentice
Garnet Ore
Chrishrama in Need of Help
Fragment of Magic ×10
Gives: Arcforging Kit
An Arcforger in My Own Right!
Topaz (crafting Lv. 2)
Gives: Scroll Crafting Catalyst
  • The final test asks for items you craft yourself, so reach the crafting level in brackets before level 25.
  • The quests also give character EXP and mesos: 3,060 EXP for the final test.
4. Crafting EXP

Each recipe has a crafting level, and you can craft it once your profession reaches that level. The crafting EXP a recipe gives depends only on its level and on what it makes:

What you craftRecipesCrafting EXPTime
Gear (weapons and armor) 275 20 × level
20 at Lv. 1, 200 at Lv. 10
5 s
Furniture and stations 19 20 × level
20 at Lv. 1, 200 at Lv. 10
7 s
Scrolls 24 10 × level
10 at Lv. 1, 100 at Lv. 10
5 s
Arrows 16 3 × level
3 at Lv. 1, 30 at Lv. 10
3 s
Refining (ingots, jewels, materials) 32 3 × level
3 at Lv. 1, 30 at Lv. 10
3 s
  • Gear gives about 7 times the EXP of refining at the same level, and takes 5 seconds a craft instead of 3.
  • A kit adds 10% crafting EXP for 15 minutes. The weekly quest gives one; more sell on the Free Market.
  • Swapping bow arrows for crossbow arrows (or back) gives no EXP.
  • How much crafting EXP each profession level needs isn't in the game client, and neither is whether old recipes give less EXP as you level. That's why this guide compares recipes by mesos per EXP.
5. Cheapest EXP at each level

For each profession and recipe level, the recipe that costs the fewest mesos per crafting EXP: its materials at market price plus the fee, less what you get for the product. Green means it earns while you level.

Blacksmith Smithing
Lv.CraftEXPCost → you getMesos per EXP
1 Bronze Ingot 3 600 → 499 34
2 Mithril Ingot 6 1.3k → 999 50
3 Adamantium Ingot 9 730 → 444 32
4 Silver Ingot 12 870 → 889 +2
5 Orihalcon Burgonet Helm 100 7.81k → 6k 18
6 Emerald Battle Grieves 120 12.8k → 18.95k +51
7 Steel Trigger 140 16.7k → 25k +59
8 Brown Jangoon Shoes 160 15.53k → 48k +203
9 No recipes at this level
10 Steel Brist
sold to a shop
200 34.2k → 13.2k 105
Weaponcrafter Weaponcrafting
Lv.CraftEXPCost → you getMesos per EXP
1 Screw ×10 3 2k → 2k +0
2 Saw
sold to a shop
40 5.14k → 2.5k 66
3 Hammer 60 9.64k → 30k +339
4 Adamantium Igor 80 14k → 8.45k 69
5 Screw ×3 15 650 → 600 3.3
6 Adamantium Guards 120 36.66k → 45.5k +74
7 Dark Guardian 140 61.44k → 74k +90
8 Sabretooth 160 25.33k → 44.44k +119
9 Adamantium Avarice
sold to a shop
180 88.22k → 12k 423
10 The Nine Dragons 200 36.09k → 1.93m +9,470
Tailor Tailoring
Lv.CraftEXPCost → you getMesos per EXP
1 Spool of Thread ×10 3 140 → 200 +20
2 Work Gloves 40 2.48k → 2k 12
3 Lemona 60 3.73k → 2.5k 21
4 Blue Morrican 80 4.98k → 4k 12
5 Ocean Mesana 100 6.23k → 7k +8
6 Blue Lutia 120 8.68k → 12.5k +32
7 Blue Justice Cape 140 41.53k → 50k +61
8 Dark Moon Shoes 160 16.1k → 34.17k +113
9 Processed Cloth 27 1.3k → 290 37
10 Red Penance
sold to a shop
200 22.07k → 13.2k 44
Carpenter Woodcrafting
Lv.CraftEXPCost → you getMesos per EXP
1 Arrows for Bows ×500 3 295 → 500 +68
2 Wooden Staff 40 2.38k → 2k 9.5
3 Hardwood Wand 60 3.11k → 3k 1.8
4 Bronze Arrows for Bows ×500 12 794 → 1k +17
5 Processed Wood 15 625 → 220 27
6 Eagle Crow 120 13.38k → 15k +13
7 Red Viper 140 17.37k → 20k +19
8 Vaulter 2000 160 31.5k → 40k +53
9 Silver Crow
sold to a shop
180 27.6k → 14k 76
10 Olympus 200 29.34k → 3.5m +17,353
Leatherworker Leatherworking
Lv.CraftEXPCost → you getMesos per EXP
1 Green Skullcap
sold to a shop
20 1.18k → 300 44
2 Green Winter Hat 40 2.42k → 999 35
3 Black Duo 60 4.48k → 3k 25
4 Processed Leather 12 700 → 699 0.1
5 Dark Wolfskin 100 7.47k → 7k 4.7
6 Green Marker 120 9.17k → 18.5k +78
7 Steel Arbion 140 18.81k → 28.89k +72
8 Gold Cleave 160 20.23k → 45.89k +160
9 Processed Leather 30 1.65k → 699? 32
10 Brown Moon Gloves
sold to a shop
200 29.98k → 13.2k 84
Arcforger Arcforging
Lv.CraftEXPCost → you getMesos per EXP
1 Garnet 3 549 → 599 +17
2 Topaz 6 500 → 399 17
3 Sapphire 9 791 → 600 21
4 Opal 12 950 → 700 21
5 Shield Accuracy Scroll: Lesser 50 13.05k → 15.28k +45
6 Shoes Jump Scroll: Lesser 60 12.15k → 19.5k +122
7 Wizard Wand 140 20.69k → 28.5k +56
8 Earring INT Scroll: Lesser 80 33.25k → 73.49k +503
9 Arc Staff 180 105k → 276k +951
10 Cromi 200 52.48k → 2.1m +10,238
  • Buying materials ready-made is assumed. Refining your own ores is often cheaper: see section 7.
  • A product is counted at its market price when 3 or more sales or asks back it, else at what a shop pays for it. Selling dozens of the same item will push its price down, so mix recipes.
  • Refining shows up here when it earns, but it gives little EXP a craft. When two recipes cost about the same per EXP, the gear one levels you faster.
6. What earns right now

The recipes that sell for more than their materials and fee today, counting only recipes whose every price rests on 3 or more sales or asks. 83 of the 217 such recipes earn.

MakesMaterialsCost → sells forProfit
Olympus
Carpenter Lv. 10 · +200 EXP
Processed Wood ×12Mithril Ingot ×3Sapphire ×2Screw ×30 + 16,500 mesos 29.34k → 3.5m +3,470,663
Cromi
Arcforger Lv. 10 · +200 EXP
Mithril Ingot ×10Topaz ×4Emerald ×4Piece of IceScrew ×30 + 13,500 mesos 52.48k → 2.1m +2,047,514
The Nine Dragons
Weaponcrafter Lv. 10 · +200 EXP
Bronze Ingot ×5Iron Ingot ×5Garnet ×6Screw ×30 + 16,500 mesos 36.09k → 1.93m +1,893,911
Steel Slain
Weaponcrafter Lv. 10 · +200 EXP
Bronze Ingot ×5Iron Ingot ×5Dragon Skin ×30Screw ×30 + 16,500 mesos 38.49k → 999k +961,504
Golden Mole
Weaponcrafter Lv. 10 · +200 EXP
Bronze Ingot ×5Gold Ingot ×5Diamond ×6Screw ×30 + 16,500 mesos 40.13k → 224k +184,869
Arc Staff
Arcforger Lv. 9 · +180 EXP
Silver Ingot ×9Amethyst ×4Sapphire ×3Fairy WingScrew ×27 + 11,500 mesos 105k → 276k +171,118
The Rising
Weaponcrafter Lv. 10 · +200 EXP
Bronze Ingot ×5Gold Ingot ×5Diamond ×6Screw ×30 + 16,500 mesos 40.13k → 199k +159,869
Fairy Wand
Arcforger Lv. 8 · +160 EXP
Topaz ×8Sapphire ×3Diamond ×3Fairy WingScrew ×24 + 9,500 mesos 100k → 144k +44,153
Cape LUK Scroll: Lesser
Arcforger Lv. 10 · +100 EXP
Processed ParchmentFragment of Magic ×10Garnet ×3 + 20,000 mesos 23.05k → 65k +41,952
Earring INT Scroll: Lesser
Arcforger Lv. 8 · +80 EXP
Processed ParchmentFragment of Magic ×10Black Crystal ×3 + 20,000 mesos 33.25k → 73.49k +40,243
  • Gear is where the losses are: 100 of the 163 gear recipes with solid prices sell for less than they cost. The materials are worth more to other crafters than the finished item is to players.
  • Prices move every day. Before you buy materials for a run, check the recipe on the Crafting page, which ranks every recipe by profit at current prices.
  • Want something made? Post a buy request: crafters can see what you need.
Profit is what the product sells for minus its materials and the meso fee, at today's market prices: each item's median sale over the last 30 days, else its median asking price in Free Market stores. Hover a figure for the breakdown; ? marks prices resting on fewer than 3 sales or asks. Crafting EXP, the optional catalyst and bonus stats are not counted.
7. Ore or ingot?

Ores, monster parts and fibers are refined into the ingots, jewels and processed materials that recipes use. Each row compares the materials and fee, at market price, with what the product sells for. Green rows pay to refine; for the rest, sell what you have and buy the product.

Blacksmith 1 of 7 pay to refine
MakesFromMaterials + feeProductVerdict
Bronze Ingot
Lv. 1 · used in 30 recipes
Bronze Ore ×5 600 mesos 499 mesos Don't refine −101
Iron Ingot
Lv. 1 · used in 76 recipes
Iron Ore ×5 1,910 mesos 1,500 mesos Don't refine −410
Mithril Ingot
Lv. 2 · used in 32 recipes
Mithril Ore ×5 1,300 mesos 999 mesos Don't refine −301
Adamantium Ingot
Lv. 3 · used in 7 recipes
Adamantium Ore ×5 730 mesos 444 mesos Don't refine −286
Gold Ingot
Lv. 3 · used in 36 recipes
Gold Ore ×5 1,045 mesos 627 mesos Don't refine −418
Silver Ingot
Lv. 4 · used in 21 recipes
Silver Ore ×5 870 mesos 889 mesos Refine +19
Orihalcon Ingot
Lv. 5 · used in 7 recipes
Orihalcon Ore ×5 960 mesos 562 mesos Don't refine −398
Weaponcrafter 1 of 2 pay to refine
MakesFromMaterials + feeProductVerdict
Screw ×10
Lv. 1 · used in 156 recipes
Bronze IngotIron Ingot 1,999 mesos 2,000 mesos Refine +1
Screw ×3
Lv. 5 · used in 156 recipes
Iron Hog's Metal Hoof ×10 650 mesos 600 mesos Don't refine −50
Tailor 1 of 5 pay to refine
MakesFromMaterials + feeProductVerdict
Processed Cloth
Lv. 1 · used in 60 recipes
Pig's Ribbon ×10 400 mesos 290 mesos Don't refine −110
Processed Cloth
Lv. 1 · used in 60 recipes
Leaf ×10 400 mesos 290 mesos Don't refine −110
Processed Cloth
Lv. 1 · used in 60 recipes
Animal Fur Bundle ×5 300 mesos 290 mesos Don't refine −10
Spool of Thread ×10
Lv. 1 · used in 82 recipes
Animal Fur Bundle 140 mesos 200 mesos Refine +60
Processed Cloth
Lv. 9 · used in 60 recipes
Tablecloth ×10 1,300 mesos 290 mesos Don't refine −1,010
Carpenter 0 of 4 pay to refine
MakesFromMaterials + feeProductVerdict
Processed Wood
Lv. 1 · used in 55 recipes
Tree Branch ×10 300 mesos 220 mesos Don't refine −80
Processed Wood
Lv. 2 · used in 55 recipes
Firewood ×5 325 mesos 220 mesos Don't refine −105
Processed Wood
Lv. 3 · used in 55 recipes
Seedling ×5 435 mesos 220 mesos Don't refine −215
Processed Wood
Lv. 5 · used in 55 recipes
Wooden Board ×5 625 mesos 220 mesos Don't refine −405
Leatherworker 0 of 4 pay to refine
MakesFromMaterials + feeProductVerdict
Processed Leather
Lv. 1 · used in 102 recipes
Leather ×5 845 mesos 699 mesos Don't refine −146
Processed Leather
Lv. 4 · used in 102 recipes
Jr. Necki Skin ×10 700 mesos 699 mesos Don't refine −1
Processed Leather
Lv. 6 · used in 102 recipes
Ligator Skin ×10 980 mesos 699 mesos Don't refine −281
Processed Leather
Lv. 9 · used in 102 recipes
Croco Skin ×10 1,650 mesos 699 mesos Don't refine −951?
Arcforger 3 of 10 pay to refine
MakesFromMaterials + feeProductVerdict
Aquamarine
Lv. 1 · used in 11 recipes
Aquamarine Ore 437 mesos 300 mesos Don't refine −137
Garnet
Lv. 1 · used in 35 recipes
Garnet Ore 549 mesos 599 mesos Refine +50
Emerald
Lv. 2 · used in 14 recipes
Emerald Ore 550 mesos 350 mesos Don't refine −200
Processed Parchment
Lv. 2 · used in 24 recipes
Leather ×3 647 mesos 350 mesos Don't refine −297
Topaz
Lv. 2 · used in 18 recipes
Topaz Ore 500 mesos 399 mesos Don't refine −101
Sapphire
Lv. 3 · used in 22 recipes
Sapphire Ore 791 mesos 600 mesos Don't refine −191
Opal
Lv. 4 · used in 7 recipes
Opal Ore 950 mesos 700 mesos Don't refine −250
Amethyst
Lv. 5 · used in 7 recipes
Amethyst Ore 1,222 mesos 962 mesos Don't refine −260
Black Crystal
Lv. 6 · used in 26 recipes
Black Crystal Ore 3,699 mesos 3,999 mesos Refine +300
Diamond
Lv. 6 · used in 9 recipes
Diamond Ore 1,499 mesos 2,000 mesos Refine +501
  • Refining still pays when you need the product yourself and the ore came free from monsters: a shop pays little for ores, and the craft adds crafting EXP.
  • A loss of a few dozen mesos is market noise. Refine those if you need the EXP.
8. Where materials come from

Every profession needs the others

No profession is self-sufficient. These materials go into the most recipes:

How many of each profession's recipes need something another profession makes:

Recipes ofBlacksmithWeaponcrafterTailorCarpenterLeatherworkerArcforger
Blacksmith·3213814
Weaponcrafter39·12711
Tailor819·138
Carpenter20243·19
Leatherworker3241471·36
Arcforger12111·

Columns are the professions that make the materials, in the same order as the rows. Partners make crafting cheaper: if a friend has the other profession, trade materials instead of buying them.

9. Stations, kits and catalysts

Stations

Every profession crafts at a station. The towns have them; your own lets you craft at home.

ProfessionIn townYour ownCost to craft
Blacksmith Anvil: Perion Anvil crafting Lv. 3 125,090 mesos
fee 100k
Weaponcrafter Weaponcrafting Station: Kerning City, Perion Weaponcrafting Station crafting Lv. 3 125,090 mesos
fee 100k
Tailor Sewing Machine: Ellinia Sewing Machine crafting Lv. 3 117,645 mesos
fee 100k
Carpenter Woodcrafting Station: Henesys Market, Ellinia Woodworking Station crafting Lv. 3 118,395 mesos
fee 100k
Leatherworker Leatherworking Station: Henesys Market, Kerning City Leatherworking Station crafting Lv. 3 115,390 mesos
fee 100k
Arcforger Arcane Station: Ellinia, Sleepywood Arcane Station crafting Lv. 3 116,035 mesos
fee 100k

The town stations are named after their profession in the game data; that they work like your own is assumed. A home station costs well over 100,000 mesos for the convenience, so it can wait.

Kits

A kit gives +10% crafting EXP for 15 minutes. Each weekly quest gives one; on the market they go for:

With a kit you need about 9% fewer crafts for the same EXP. It pays for itself when the 15 minutes of crafting would cost more than about 11 times its price, so save it for a long session of gear crafts.

Catalysts

A catalyst is an optional extra in most gear and scroll recipes. One is used per craft.

The chances aren't in the game client. With catalysts at 30k-49k mesos, use one only on a recipe whose product is worth far more with better stats, or on scrolls you would buy anyway.

10. Questions

Which crafting profession is best for my class?

Warrior: Blacksmith for armor, Weaponcrafter for weapons. Magician: Tailor for armor, Arcforger for weapons. Bowman: Leatherworker for armor, Carpenter for weapons. Thief: Leatherworker for armor, Weaponcrafter for weapons. Arcforger also makes scrolls that every class can use.

Can I learn more than one crafting profession?

Yes, at least two. Weaponcrafter's test asks for ingots made with Smithing, so you learn Blacksmith first and then Weaponcrafter. The game client doesn't say how many professions one character can have.

How do I level a crafting profession fast?

Craft gear: it gives 20 crafting EXP per recipe level, against 3 for refining ores and materials. Use a kit for +10% EXP. How much EXP each crafting level needs isn't in the game client, so this guide ranks recipes by mesos per EXP.

Does crafting make money?

Some of it. Right now 83 of the 217 recipes with solid prices earn, the best being Olympus at +3,470,663 mesos. Most crafted gear sells for less than its materials: the typical losing recipe loses 46% of what it costs.

What does a crafting catalyst do?

Added to a craft, an armor or weapon catalyst gives a chance to change the item's bonus stats, and the scroll catalyst a chance to make an Intermediate, Greater or Chaos scroll instead of a Lesser one. Each master gives one for passing the final test at level 25; more come from players.

Where can I craft without my own station?

At the stations in town: Anvil in Perion; Weaponcrafting Station in Kerning City, Perion; Sewing Machine in Ellinia; Woodcrafting Station in Henesys Market, Ellinia; Leatherworking Station in Henesys Market, Kerning City; Arcane Station in Ellinia, Sleepywood.

11. Sources & notes
  • From the game data: every recipe (level, materials, fee, crafting EXP and time), the masters and their quests, the stations, kits and catalysts, and the town stations. They update when the game does.
  • From the market: prices are the median HubCW sale of the last 30 days, or the median Free Market ask when nothing sold. A price is solid when 3 or more sales or asks back it; ? marks the rest.
  • Calculated: mesos per EXP is the materials plus the fee, less the product's solid market price (or what a shop pays for it), divided by the recipe's crafting EXP. The class picks count the gear each profession makes for that class.
  • Not in the game client: the EXP each crafting level needs, whether older recipes give less EXP, how many professions one character can learn, and the catalysts' chances. If you know one of these from the game, tell us at [email protected].